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[Music]

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greetings

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all the strange virtual expo fans

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out there wherever you're joining us

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from i

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hope you're healthy and safe and ready

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to learn

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a few things my name is aaron sagers

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and today i'm going to be talking about

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the unexplained interview and

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this is brought to you by

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paranormalpopculture.com which is well

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it's my own website so i can honestly

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say

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i'm bringing it to you so let's dive in

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shall we um first off

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who am i who is this guy why should you

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be listening to me

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um well uh i have i launched the website

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paranormalpopculture.com

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uh in 2009 i've appeared

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on the sci-fi network on the today show

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uh the shocking truth on

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reels paranormal paparazzi paranormal

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challenge paranormal lockdown evidence

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revealed

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and currently on travel channels

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paranormal caught on

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camera as a journalist

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that's really where i've received my

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training

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i have written for cnn chicago tribune

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la times

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uh i've appeared in the new york times

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philadelphia inquirer been on coast to

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coast

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msnbc npr across the board

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uh these days i do write a lot about

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entertainment i've written about travel

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and i also write extensively about the

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paranormal

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the cross section

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of entertainment and the unexplained

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however i did go to school for

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journalism

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i taught at nyu as a adjunct professor

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in journalism and some of the tips that

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i

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to

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cover court reporting things like that

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those are

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in my career

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and they are things that i continue to

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utilize as

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a recorder and as a journalist now even

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whether it's on camera

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for print or written articles or

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even at live events a lot of the tips

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that i'm going to be

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passing along to you today are

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applicable

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so let's move on to the next slide

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oh that's uh just some photos of some

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things that i've done i've

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been fortunate to interview uh

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a range of people from stan lee to

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norman reedus

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to the back to the future cast and

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a lot of the tactics of interviewing

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that i apply to celebrities also works

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to

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someone that has experienced something

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or even

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to unfortunately sometimes people that

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have

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been victims of crimes slight

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differences

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depending on the context but some of the

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okay so let's just highlight this

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what is the point of an interview

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well an interview the idea is to obtain

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information to explain an event to tell

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a story

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and also to focus on a person it's not a

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matter of just wanting to believe

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it's wanting to document it's wanting to

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report

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those are necessary uh goals to have in

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mind

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as a reporter now and as a journalist on

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an interview

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but also even as a researcher

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so the questions that you're going to be

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asking

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information and a lot of times it's

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based on a theme a theme that the

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reporter has in mind

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and that theme was established even

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before an interview

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however if a more important theme or if

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the narrative somewhat

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shifts throughout that interview as a

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reporter as an

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interviewer you have to be able to

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develop it you have to be able to roll

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with the punches

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and some of these tips do come from the

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columbia journalism school

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so these are tips that journalists would

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follow but also

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okay very first uh set of

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information is about researching

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and this is incredibly important now

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good interviews really follow the two

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p's

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it's persistence and preparation so

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basically you want to show up to any

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interview

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with way more information than you

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actually need or more than you actually

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think you're going to need

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and let's highlight this right here

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you want to approach a situation with a

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large frame of

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reference which you can start doing now

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you can start reading

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right now know the material know the

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types of sightings

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related to this particular setting

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um trust your knowledge but remain

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open-minded

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and uh for those of you that are picking

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this up in the backward

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background i am actually recording this

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in new york city

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so you might hear some sirens on

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occasion so that's actually a tip we're

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gonna get to as well as far as

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distractions and things that are

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happening in the background but

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yes start reading now and move beyond

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wikipedia

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read as much as you can keep up on the

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news wikipedia

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is a great resource but it's only the

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beginning of a great resource you have

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to follow those links through

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and make certain that whatever wikipedia

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is saying

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is actually corroborated by the

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originating source and

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is it a trusted source beyond that

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look at local history look at folklore

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in a location look up other sightings

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that have been mentioned

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in a certain location whether it's

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across the board whether we're talking

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about cryptids

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ufos or even ghost reportings

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what is the local reporting what is the

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sightings what are the local

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folklore also look into things such as

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weather reports police reports what was

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the weather like on the day of the

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sighting what did the police

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blotter say on the day of the sighting

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or even days leading

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up to this phenomena also

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research the witness itself now don't be

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creepy

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this but when i say

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research the witness themselves sure you

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can do some

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look at their social media um you can

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look into the kind of work that they do

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what kind of posts are they putting

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out there on social media um anything

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that they talk about related to

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this particular phenomena or a series of

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phenomena

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that's all good information for you to

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be looking up

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uh and you know but again don't get too

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creepy

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don't move into internet stalker

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territory we don't want that

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but it's good to take a look at their

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social media

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and other things that are out there

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about this person uh keep in mind the

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internet the internet is a great

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resource

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however it is littered with so much

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incorrect information

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so you need to be able to do some

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digging and

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if there is a tale of phenomena find out

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where this tale

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originated follow that source until

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you have like dug as deep as you can

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until you hit that bedrock

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uh even with historic sightings there's

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a lot of

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or historic reports of sightings there's

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a lot of incorrect information there's a

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lot of conjecture and there's a lot of

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urban legends and you want to peel back

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the layers until

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you've uncovered enough information

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and you really have a concise thread to

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okay so this next

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section is identifying first off

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it's very important if you are trying to

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set up an interview remember persistence

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and preparation persistence

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it may not always always be easy to get

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that interview set up

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but once you do you want to identify

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yourself

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uh who are you are you a journalist are

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you

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investigator

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where what are you who are you

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representing

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and also where is this information going

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is it going to be reported on

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in a local newspaper is it going into a

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journal of sorts is it only for your own

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investigative needs to help you uh

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establish what kind of phenomena you

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want to investigate

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also beyond that how long do you need

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time is important is an important

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commodity to people

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so be specific with how much time

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you're going to need how much time of

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theirs you're going to need you must be

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mindful of their time

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so half an hour 45 minutes an hour

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i will tell you that it's very difficult

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to get a lot of information

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in less than 15 minutes it is possible

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i've done it i've done interviews

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even as short as five minutes but

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the more information you can get the

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better

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anything more than an hour uh you have

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to have a really good reason

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for being there so be mindful of their

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also you want to express their

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the importance of telling their story um

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and when i say that what i'm what i'm

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really trying to tell you

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emphasize why this story matters

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now this is a time for them to be heard

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and

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it can assist in a larger an

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investigation and the community itself

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may want to know their story you want to

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also you want to explain the concept of

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being on the record

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off the record and on background and

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what that means is when you're on the

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record you are using their direct quotes

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and their name when they are off the

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record no part of what they

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have said can be used and allow them the

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ability to go off the record it's not

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something we want

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it's uh it can be quite inconvenient but

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it is something that you want to make

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available to them

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and then the other element is on

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background which is

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when your interview subject is providing

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information

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that can indeed be instrumental and

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guide you

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but you are not directly using them as

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part of a potential story

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this is power and it is power that you

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are giving them

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and it is incredibly important that

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they have access to that power uh you

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know

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these are your allies this is not an

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adversarial relationship

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also you never want to

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run at a person with a camera

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or an audio recorder uh you know think

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00:11:39,990 --> 00:11:37,200
of it this way

292
00:11:41,670 --> 00:11:40,000
it's sort of like if you just shove a

293
00:11:42,069 --> 00:11:41,680
recorder on someone's face in someone's

294
00:11:45,190 --> 00:11:42,079
face

295
00:11:46,150 --> 00:11:45,200
it turns them off if you just bust out a

296
00:11:48,310 --> 00:11:46,160
smartphone

297
00:11:49,829 --> 00:11:48,320
or a camera and point it in their face

298
00:11:53,110 --> 00:11:49,839
it is very off-putting

299
00:11:54,949 --> 00:11:53,120
and oftentimes that could end your

300
00:11:56,230 --> 00:11:54,959
interview right there right before it

301
00:11:59,430 --> 00:11:56,240
even begins

302
00:12:00,069 --> 00:11:59,440
and it's just disrespectful so let them

303
00:12:01,990 --> 00:12:00,079
know

304
00:12:04,069 --> 00:12:02,000
that you are going to be recording them

305
00:12:04,870 --> 00:12:04,079
they probably already assume you're

306
00:12:07,990 --> 00:12:04,880
going to

307
00:12:09,509 --> 00:12:08,000
but it is a matter of respect to give

308
00:12:11,269 --> 00:12:09,519
them the heads up that you're going to

309
00:12:15,350 --> 00:12:11,279
do it and it begins

310
00:12:18,550 --> 00:12:15,360
now also consider attribution

311
00:12:22,069 --> 00:12:18,560
how are you going to identify them in

312
00:12:25,350 --> 00:12:22,079
whatever document that you are creating

313
00:12:27,590 --> 00:12:25,360
this is important for credibility so

314
00:12:28,629 --> 00:12:27,600
if they don't want to have their first

315
00:12:31,190 --> 00:12:28,639
and last name

316
00:12:32,389 --> 00:12:31,200
attributed which is ideal which is what

317
00:12:35,509 --> 00:12:32,399
you want

318
00:12:38,069 --> 00:12:35,519
ask them for first name and last initial

319
00:12:38,550 --> 00:12:38,079
or maybe the town that they are from i'm

320
00:12:40,470 --> 00:12:38,560
aaron

321
00:12:43,350 --> 00:12:40,480
i'm originally from orlando florida or

322
00:12:45,110 --> 00:12:43,360
aaron from new york city

323
00:12:47,590 --> 00:12:45,120
that is another way you can identify

324
00:12:50,870 --> 00:12:47,600
them if they insist on

325
00:12:51,990 --> 00:12:50,880
anonymity if you feel like you are going

326
00:12:54,389 --> 00:12:52,000
to grant them this and this

327
00:12:55,350 --> 00:12:54,399
is worthwhile information you can't

328
00:12:58,389 --> 00:12:55,360
however you

329
00:12:59,190 --> 00:12:58,399
still document their name for your own

330
00:13:02,230 --> 00:12:59,200
records

331
00:13:05,910 --> 00:13:02,240
and to cover your bases uh however

332
00:13:08,870 --> 00:13:05,920
again you don't wish to rush to

333
00:13:10,310 --> 00:13:08,880
offering an anonymous source typically

334
00:13:13,590 --> 00:13:10,320
in newspapers

335
00:13:15,430 --> 00:13:13,600
there's at least two or even three

336
00:13:16,150 --> 00:13:15,440
people that know the name of an

337
00:13:19,509 --> 00:13:16,160
anonymous

338
00:13:19,990 --> 00:13:19,519
source before it is published so if i

339
00:13:22,710 --> 00:13:20,000
was going

340
00:13:23,910 --> 00:13:22,720
to interview you and you wish to remain

341
00:13:27,269 --> 00:13:23,920
anonymous i would still

342
00:13:30,150 --> 00:13:27,279
loop in my uh features editor

343
00:13:30,629 --> 00:13:30,160
and editor-in-chief or you know two

344
00:13:33,670 --> 00:13:30,639
people

345
00:13:34,310 --> 00:13:33,680
in the chain of command above me so that

346
00:13:37,829 --> 00:13:34,320
is how

347
00:13:42,310 --> 00:13:37,839
anonymous sourcing works not ideal

348
00:13:46,829 --> 00:13:42,320
but sometimes it is necessary

349
00:13:49,030 --> 00:13:46,839
also i do want to express that

350
00:13:52,069 --> 00:13:49,040
um sometimes

351
00:13:55,269 --> 00:13:52,079
people say no and

352
00:13:57,590 --> 00:13:55,279
and you have to allow them to say no if

353
00:14:00,150 --> 00:13:57,600
they decide that the interview's over

354
00:14:02,230 --> 00:14:00,160
they decide that they don't want to talk

355
00:14:03,670 --> 00:14:02,240
if they don't wish to be involved accept

356
00:14:06,629 --> 00:14:03,680
that however

357
00:14:07,670 --> 00:14:06,639
what you can do is ask for other people

358
00:14:10,470 --> 00:14:07,680
that might be

359
00:14:11,350 --> 00:14:10,480
relevant that you could interview so if

360
00:14:13,910 --> 00:14:11,360
they say no

361
00:14:15,509 --> 00:14:13,920
still ask for other interview subjects

362
00:14:17,350 --> 00:14:15,519
oh and one other note about the

363
00:14:20,949 --> 00:14:17,360
attribution

364
00:14:23,269 --> 00:14:20,959
if they risk to remain anonymous or

365
00:14:24,550 --> 00:14:23,279
even if um even if they wish to list

366
00:14:28,150 --> 00:14:24,560
their entire name

367
00:14:30,790 --> 00:14:28,160
uh think about how their title should be

368
00:14:31,990 --> 00:14:30,800
do they want to be listed as a survivor

369
00:14:36,230 --> 00:14:32,000
an experiencer

370
00:14:38,470 --> 00:14:36,240
a witness an abductee allow them to

371
00:14:39,430 --> 00:14:38,480
come to a determination on how they wish

372
00:14:45,509 --> 00:14:39,440
to be

373
00:14:48,550 --> 00:14:45,519
uh titled

374
00:14:52,230 --> 00:14:48,560
empathy you know i can't

375
00:14:55,750 --> 00:14:52,240
i can't emphasize empathy

376
00:15:00,790 --> 00:14:55,760
enough now

377
00:15:04,949 --> 00:15:03,590
i want you to think about your own

378
00:15:07,269 --> 00:15:04,959
conversations

379
00:15:08,870 --> 00:15:07,279
you're more likely to share with someone

380
00:15:12,150 --> 00:15:08,880
that you trust

381
00:15:14,550 --> 00:15:12,160
and you are establishing rapport here

382
00:15:16,870 --> 00:15:14,560
now you want to create a space that your

383
00:15:18,870 --> 00:15:16,880
interview subject feels safe in

384
00:15:20,629 --> 00:15:18,880
perhaps it is a certain room or perhaps

385
00:15:23,910 --> 00:15:20,639
it's a certain chair

386
00:15:26,230 --> 00:15:23,920
you want them to to feel relaxed maybe

387
00:15:27,910 --> 00:15:26,240
you can even offer them a cup of tea

388
00:15:30,389 --> 00:15:27,920
avoid too many environmental

389
00:15:33,509 --> 00:15:30,399
distractions so you heard that siren

390
00:15:36,310 --> 00:15:33,519
earlier that can easily throw off

391
00:15:38,069 --> 00:15:36,320
an interview so you want to avoid as

392
00:15:39,590 --> 00:15:38,079
many environmental distractions as

393
00:15:42,550 --> 00:15:39,600
possible to preserve

394
00:15:43,189 --> 00:15:42,560
focus now the early stage of an

395
00:15:46,069 --> 00:15:43,199
interview

396
00:15:47,829 --> 00:15:46,079
is really the feeling out period whether

397
00:15:49,590 --> 00:15:47,839
or not they can trust you

398
00:15:51,189 --> 00:15:49,600
whether or not you believe what they are

399
00:15:53,990 --> 00:15:51,199
saying so

400
00:15:54,790 --> 00:15:54,000
keep that in mind also i want you to

401
00:15:57,189 --> 00:15:54,800
observe

402
00:15:59,189 --> 00:15:57,199
the space and what that means is it's

403
00:16:01,910 --> 00:15:59,199
not even just for empathy

404
00:16:02,470 --> 00:16:01,920
but pay attention to everything that's

405
00:16:05,749 --> 00:16:02,480
happening

406
00:16:08,310 --> 00:16:05,759
around you um so if this is an interview

407
00:16:11,189 --> 00:16:08,320
that's being conducted in their own home

408
00:16:12,710 --> 00:16:11,199
take a look around if you notice they

409
00:16:13,749 --> 00:16:12,720
have a certain kind of book you know i

410
00:16:16,550 --> 00:16:13,759
have a lot of books

411
00:16:17,030 --> 00:16:16,560
and ornaments behind me take a look

412
00:16:18,949 --> 00:16:17,040
around

413
00:16:20,230 --> 00:16:18,959
take mental notes of this if you notice

414
00:16:23,389 --> 00:16:20,240
they have a lot of certain kinds of

415
00:16:24,629 --> 00:16:23,399
books books on hauntings books on

416
00:16:27,110 --> 00:16:24,639
cryptozoology

417
00:16:28,470 --> 00:16:27,120
uh if they have a lot of horror or what

418
00:16:32,069 --> 00:16:28,480
kind of horror do they have

419
00:16:33,670 --> 00:16:32,079
is it all uh demonic uh tinged

420
00:16:36,470 --> 00:16:33,680
type of horror you know exorcist

421
00:16:38,629 --> 00:16:36,480
exorcism of emily rose things like that

422
00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:38,639
make notes of that what kind of artwork

423
00:16:42,790 --> 00:16:40,480
is hanging up around their space

424
00:16:45,030 --> 00:16:42,800
what kind of physical media is around

425
00:16:47,030 --> 00:16:45,040
make a note of all these things

426
00:16:48,870 --> 00:16:47,040
you know you can also express a shared

427
00:16:51,749 --> 00:16:48,880
interest and this helps create rapport

428
00:16:53,269 --> 00:16:51,759
as well you know i can't help but notice

429
00:16:56,550 --> 00:16:53,279
you're really into the x-files

430
00:16:58,389 --> 00:16:56,560
love that show you can use this to be a

431
00:17:00,710 --> 00:16:58,399
guide this is going to help

432
00:17:03,189 --> 00:17:00,720
establish a visual reference guide for

433
00:17:06,949 --> 00:17:03,199
you as well

434
00:17:07,829 --> 00:17:06,959
show compassion for a lot of people that

435
00:17:10,549 --> 00:17:07,839
have been through

436
00:17:11,110 --> 00:17:10,559
certain experiences this can be quite

437
00:17:14,470 --> 00:17:11,120
difficult

438
00:17:17,029 --> 00:17:14,480
even traumatic so express that

439
00:17:19,829 --> 00:17:17,039
if they are shaken that you are indeed

440
00:17:22,870 --> 00:17:19,839
sorry that they experienced this

441
00:17:25,829 --> 00:17:22,880
so show that compassion be relatable

442
00:17:28,309 --> 00:17:25,839
express that if you have experienced

443
00:17:30,630 --> 00:17:28,319
something similar you can say that

444
00:17:31,909 --> 00:17:30,640
tell them you know i i don't know

445
00:17:32,789 --> 00:17:31,919
exactly what you're going through but i

446
00:17:35,830 --> 00:17:32,799
went through something

447
00:17:37,750 --> 00:17:35,840
similar but do not get too in the weeds

448
00:17:39,830 --> 00:17:37,760
and this is tricky

449
00:17:41,510 --> 00:17:39,840
you can express that you've talked to a

450
00:17:43,990 --> 00:17:41,520
lot of people

451
00:17:44,870 --> 00:17:44,000
similar to them who have experienced

452
00:17:48,070 --> 00:17:44,880
similar such

453
00:17:51,270 --> 00:17:48,080
things but don't

454
00:17:51,909 --> 00:17:51,280
make it about those people's story don't

455
00:17:55,350 --> 00:17:51,919
make it

456
00:17:59,270 --> 00:17:55,360
about your story this is really about

457
00:18:02,230 --> 00:17:59,280
their story to tell so keep that in mind

458
00:18:03,350 --> 00:18:02,240
also don't tell them what you know and

459
00:18:05,190 --> 00:18:03,360
what i mean by that

460
00:18:06,630 --> 00:18:05,200
is you don't have to put all the cards

461
00:18:08,230 --> 00:18:06,640
out on the table

462
00:18:09,669 --> 00:18:08,240
you don't have to know you don't have to

463
00:18:12,470 --> 00:18:09,679
share that

464
00:18:14,549 --> 00:18:12,480
every bit of research or every other

465
00:18:17,990 --> 00:18:14,559
interview that you have conducted

466
00:18:21,350 --> 00:18:18,000
so don't tell them everything you know

467
00:18:24,549 --> 00:18:21,360
so also when you're asking questions

468
00:18:25,029 --> 00:18:24,559
ask a question and get out of the way do

469
00:18:28,390 --> 00:18:25,039
not

470
00:18:29,990 --> 00:18:28,400
become an obstacle to the response

471
00:18:33,110 --> 00:18:30,000
itself and i'm gonna get into that

472
00:18:33,510 --> 00:18:33,120
a little bit more in a minute um and

473
00:18:36,789 --> 00:18:33,520
then

474
00:18:39,350 --> 00:18:36,799
uh the other thing i would say is be

475
00:18:40,070 --> 00:18:39,360
affirming affirm that you want to tell

476
00:18:43,990 --> 00:18:40,080
their story

477
00:18:46,150 --> 00:18:44,000
affirm that um you are there for them

478
00:18:47,110 --> 00:18:46,160
ultimately create an environment where

479
00:18:49,590 --> 00:18:47,120
they feel

480
00:18:51,510 --> 00:18:49,600
they can say anything without fear of

481
00:18:51,990 --> 00:18:51,520
judgment or feeling crazy and let's face

482
00:18:54,630 --> 00:18:52,000
it

483
00:18:56,470 --> 00:18:54,640
a lot of people who have experienced uh

484
00:18:57,750 --> 00:18:56,480
unexplained phenomena a lot of times

485
00:18:58,310 --> 00:18:57,760
what are the what's the first thing they

486
00:19:02,230 --> 00:18:58,320
say

487
00:19:05,190 --> 00:19:02,240
you want to make certain

488
00:19:06,070 --> 00:19:05,200
that you've created an environment where

489
00:19:07,750 --> 00:19:06,080
they know

490
00:19:11,029 --> 00:19:07,760
that you're not going to judge them and

491
00:19:14,789 --> 00:19:11,039
that they don't have to feel crazy

492
00:19:16,870 --> 00:19:14,799
so relate don't dominate and create a

493
00:19:21,669 --> 00:19:16,880
space for sharing

494
00:19:23,990 --> 00:19:21,679
also take a look at those non-verbals

495
00:19:25,190 --> 00:19:24,000
you know where are their eyes going as

496
00:19:28,950 --> 00:19:25,200
they speak

497
00:19:30,150 --> 00:19:28,960
um nod your head nod your head in

498
00:19:32,710 --> 00:19:30,160
encouragement

499
00:19:34,230 --> 00:19:32,720
you know no make note that they know

500
00:19:36,630 --> 00:19:34,240
that you're listening that you're paying

501
00:19:39,510 --> 00:19:36,640
attention to what they are saying

502
00:19:39,909 --> 00:19:39,520
and if they look like they are tuning

503
00:19:41,750 --> 00:19:39,919
out

504
00:19:44,549 --> 00:19:41,760
make note of that and pull their focus

505
00:19:48,549 --> 00:19:46,950
also i would advise starting soft you

506
00:19:49,590 --> 00:19:48,559
don't want to start with your hardest

507
00:19:52,470 --> 00:19:49,600
questions

508
00:19:54,470 --> 00:19:52,480
right up front that's a good way to get

509
00:19:56,549 --> 00:19:54,480
people to throw up a barrier

510
00:19:58,230 --> 00:19:56,559
and then you've lost them so keep that

511
00:20:01,350 --> 00:19:58,240
in mind as well

512
00:20:06,149 --> 00:20:01,360
start soft some some softball

513
00:20:09,350 --> 00:20:06,159
and then build

514
00:20:11,110 --> 00:20:09,360
okay well if the last slide

515
00:20:13,270 --> 00:20:11,120
said we're ready to believe you with the

516
00:20:16,950 --> 00:20:13,280
ghostbusters this one has

517
00:20:19,990 --> 00:20:16,960
a photo of spooky mulder himself

518
00:20:23,029 --> 00:20:20,000
uh now gotta love x-files

519
00:20:23,909 --> 00:20:23,039
gotta love fox mulder uh however when

520
00:20:27,350 --> 00:20:23,919
you're going

521
00:20:30,630 --> 00:20:27,360
into an interview it is an interview

522
00:20:31,909 --> 00:20:30,640
and not an interrogation so guys don't

523
00:20:34,390 --> 00:20:31,919
be a cop

524
00:20:36,310 --> 00:20:34,400
nothing wrong with cops but this is not

525
00:20:38,710 --> 00:20:36,320
the job that you're setting out to do

526
00:20:40,950 --> 00:20:38,720
this is not a perpetrator they are not a

527
00:20:42,549 --> 00:20:40,960
criminal and you are not the police

528
00:20:44,630 --> 00:20:42,559
a lot of times people try to play these

529
00:20:48,310 --> 00:20:44,640
clever clever games of

530
00:20:50,470 --> 00:20:48,320
gotcha so don't do that

531
00:20:51,830 --> 00:20:50,480
don't try to catch them in their own

532
00:20:55,750 --> 00:20:51,840
words and trip them

533
00:20:59,110 --> 00:20:55,760
up do prepare questions in advance

534
00:21:01,029 --> 00:20:59,120
in fact i would say have more questions

535
00:21:02,710 --> 00:21:01,039
than you possibly need then

536
00:21:04,789 --> 00:21:02,720
more questions and you're possibly going

537
00:21:07,270 --> 00:21:04,799
to get to

538
00:21:08,230 --> 00:21:07,280
and keep your top questions your most

539
00:21:10,950 --> 00:21:08,240
important questions

540
00:21:13,190 --> 00:21:10,960
at the top and get them ready to go

541
00:21:14,789 --> 00:21:13,200
since this is likely a time sensitive

542
00:21:17,830 --> 00:21:14,799
question you want to get those

543
00:21:19,750 --> 00:21:17,840
top hits out of the way first

544
00:21:21,110 --> 00:21:19,760
or close to the first after you've built

545
00:21:24,310 --> 00:21:21,120
that rapport with those

546
00:21:26,230 --> 00:21:24,320
softball questions um be willing to

547
00:21:28,950 --> 00:21:26,240
break away from the questions

548
00:21:30,230 --> 00:21:28,960
you know sometimes people answer your

549
00:21:32,549 --> 00:21:30,240
next question

550
00:21:34,950 --> 00:21:32,559
before you even get to it so obviously

551
00:21:37,350 --> 00:21:34,960
you're not going to be repetitive

552
00:21:40,070 --> 00:21:37,360
and be willing to disregard questions if

553
00:21:41,669 --> 00:21:40,080
suddenly they're no longer relevant

554
00:21:43,190 --> 00:21:41,679
you can even have questions that you

555
00:21:45,590 --> 00:21:43,200
know the answer to

556
00:21:48,230 --> 00:21:45,600
to create supportive material to

557
00:21:50,630 --> 00:21:48,240
corroborate what you already know

558
00:21:51,669 --> 00:21:50,640
don't interrupt that's a good way to

559
00:21:54,310 --> 00:21:51,679
lose the thread

560
00:21:56,870 --> 00:21:54,320
throw them off track and maybe even shut

561
00:22:00,630 --> 00:21:59,430
so don't follow a script uh prepare your

562
00:22:03,190 --> 00:22:00,640
questions in advance

563
00:22:04,630 --> 00:22:03,200
and listen now this seems like an

564
00:22:06,390 --> 00:22:04,640
obvious one right

565
00:22:08,310 --> 00:22:06,400
of course you're gonna listen to an

566
00:22:10,789 --> 00:22:08,320
interviewer interviewee

567
00:22:11,590 --> 00:22:10,799
but so many people don't do it they do

568
00:22:13,430 --> 00:22:11,600
interrupt

569
00:22:15,590 --> 00:22:13,440
they don't let people finish a thought

570
00:22:18,789 --> 00:22:15,600
they get excited and and i understand

571
00:22:22,149 --> 00:22:18,799
this can be an exciting topic

572
00:22:24,950 --> 00:22:22,159
but let them finish let them complete

573
00:22:26,950 --> 00:22:24,960
the sentence and listen to the words

574
00:22:28,149 --> 00:22:26,960
rather than just preparing for the next

575
00:22:31,909 --> 00:22:28,159
question listen

576
00:22:35,430 --> 00:22:31,919
to what they say and

577
00:22:36,230 --> 00:22:35,440
again you can even in addition to

578
00:22:39,029 --> 00:22:36,240
nodding

579
00:22:40,390 --> 00:22:39,039
you can allow people to feel listened to

580
00:22:43,430 --> 00:22:40,400
with your eyes

581
00:22:44,149 --> 00:22:43,440
keeping engagement you know keeping that

582
00:22:47,190 --> 00:22:44,159
connection

583
00:22:47,909 --> 00:22:47,200
going is important it helps establish

584
00:22:50,390 --> 00:22:47,919
that rapport

585
00:22:51,510 --> 00:22:50,400
as well and lets them know they are

586
00:22:55,190 --> 00:22:51,520
being listened to

587
00:22:59,190 --> 00:22:55,200
and this is a trustworthy relationship

588
00:23:02,549 --> 00:23:00,870
a couple other things i would add to

589
00:23:06,470 --> 00:23:02,559
that

590
00:23:07,990 --> 00:23:06,480
is well this is actually kind of a

591
00:23:13,190 --> 00:23:08,000
tricky one as far as notes

592
00:23:15,669 --> 00:23:13,200
or no now once a recorder is set down

593
00:23:18,070 --> 00:23:15,679
it is easier to forget about that

594
00:23:22,630 --> 00:23:18,080
recorder

595
00:23:24,149 --> 00:23:22,640
and notes sometimes throw people off if

596
00:23:26,470 --> 00:23:24,159
you're jotting down

597
00:23:27,270 --> 00:23:26,480
as they are speaking they might become

598
00:23:30,710 --> 00:23:27,280
very

599
00:23:32,310 --> 00:23:30,720
self-conscious of that so it's easier to

600
00:23:34,070 --> 00:23:32,320
forget about the recorder

601
00:23:36,310 --> 00:23:34,080
people are a little bit more open in my

602
00:23:39,430 --> 00:23:36,320
experience however

603
00:23:42,549 --> 00:23:39,440
notes do feel tangible um

604
00:23:44,789 --> 00:23:42,559
and it allows you to keep a good

605
00:23:46,549 --> 00:23:44,799
documentation

606
00:23:47,990 --> 00:23:46,559
make some mental notes that's what i

607
00:23:51,190 --> 00:23:48,000
would advise

608
00:23:52,549 --> 00:23:51,200
if you are able to don't over rely on

609
00:23:54,149 --> 00:23:52,559
writing notes down

610
00:23:56,789 --> 00:23:54,159
during the interview that's going to

611
00:23:57,190 --> 00:23:56,799
come later also the observations you

612
00:23:59,669 --> 00:23:57,200
made

613
00:24:01,110 --> 00:23:59,679
earlier can be put to good use here if

614
00:24:03,269 --> 00:24:01,120
you've noticed

615
00:24:04,390 --> 00:24:03,279
there's a lot of vintage flying saucer

616
00:24:07,110 --> 00:24:04,400
posters

617
00:24:08,510 --> 00:24:07,120
you know uh for instance on the wall how

618
00:24:11,190 --> 00:24:08,520
is that

619
00:24:14,390 --> 00:24:11,200
influencing their visual language

620
00:24:15,430 --> 00:24:14,400
how are they connecting to that uh and

621
00:24:18,470 --> 00:24:15,440
how are they

622
00:24:21,909 --> 00:24:18,480
uh speaking in those terms also i

623
00:24:23,830 --> 00:24:21,919
say leave room to breathe

624
00:24:25,909 --> 00:24:23,840
don't automatically dive into the next

625
00:24:27,590 --> 00:24:25,919
question when you sense that your

626
00:24:29,750 --> 00:24:27,600
subject is saying something big

627
00:24:30,789 --> 00:24:29,760
or building up to something let it hang

628
00:24:33,990 --> 00:24:30,799
in the air

629
00:24:36,149 --> 00:24:34,000
create a pregnant pause which um

630
00:24:37,830 --> 00:24:36,159
when that happens most people fill with

631
00:24:39,029 --> 00:24:37,840
more information we get uncomfortable

632
00:24:41,990 --> 00:24:39,039
with too much silence

633
00:24:43,510 --> 00:24:42,000
so we fill don't make it creepy though

634
00:24:45,350 --> 00:24:43,520
look engaged

635
00:24:46,789 --> 00:24:45,360
look thoughtful but don't jump to the

636
00:24:48,470 --> 00:24:46,799
next statement

637
00:24:50,870 --> 00:24:48,480
after they finish that one statement

638
00:24:54,390 --> 00:24:50,880
just let it hang there for a minute

639
00:24:55,750 --> 00:24:54,400
they might add more uh mundane questions

640
00:24:58,390 --> 00:24:55,760
those are also good

641
00:24:59,830 --> 00:24:58,400
you know getting details about the time

642
00:25:00,310 --> 00:24:59,840
of night that something happened the

643
00:25:01,909 --> 00:25:00,320
weather

644
00:25:03,669 --> 00:25:01,919
and you've at this point already checked

645
00:25:04,470 --> 00:25:03,679
the weather reports what were they

646
00:25:07,110 --> 00:25:04,480
wearing

647
00:25:07,510 --> 00:25:07,120
uh what did they have for dinner these

648
00:25:12,230 --> 00:25:07,520
can

649
00:25:14,470 --> 00:25:12,240
corroborate and create a pattern

650
00:25:16,149 --> 00:25:14,480
how did they sleep that night were they

651
00:25:18,230 --> 00:25:16,159
on any medications

652
00:25:20,390 --> 00:25:18,240
how had their health been up until this

653
00:25:23,510 --> 00:25:20,400
moment of this experience

654
00:25:27,029 --> 00:25:23,520
uh also think about external references

655
00:25:30,630 --> 00:25:27,039
so uh time passes subjectively

656
00:25:33,190 --> 00:25:30,640
there is um the time that i

657
00:25:35,510 --> 00:25:33,200
feel as i am experiencing something

658
00:25:38,549 --> 00:25:35,520
moments of joy moments of terror

659
00:25:41,269 --> 00:25:38,559
that is a subjective passage of time but

660
00:25:41,990 --> 00:25:41,279
objective time is the ticking of the

661
00:25:43,830 --> 00:25:42,000
clock and that

662
00:25:45,909 --> 00:25:43,840
is very important so of course you want

663
00:25:48,230 --> 00:25:45,919
to know how it feels to them

664
00:25:49,029 --> 00:25:48,240
but you want to get that objective time

665
00:25:50,950 --> 00:25:49,039
as well

666
00:25:53,350 --> 00:25:50,960
ask if they check the clock before

667
00:25:56,310 --> 00:25:53,360
during or after this experience

668
00:25:58,070 --> 00:25:56,320
ask about any dialogue or sounds they

669
00:26:00,549 --> 00:25:58,080
may have picked up from a nearby

670
00:26:02,310 --> 00:26:00,559
tv or radio station or what show may

671
00:26:03,909 --> 00:26:02,320
have even been on and what time slot

672
00:26:05,909 --> 00:26:03,919
that that took place on

673
00:26:07,830 --> 00:26:05,919
these are external references to

674
00:26:10,789 --> 00:26:07,840
established time

675
00:26:13,190 --> 00:26:10,799
in repetition if you want further

676
00:26:16,470 --> 00:26:13,200
clarification it's okay to ask someone

677
00:26:19,269 --> 00:26:16,480
to repeat something later on uh this

678
00:26:20,070 --> 00:26:19,279
phrase uh but you you want to phrase it

679
00:26:22,230 --> 00:26:20,080
in a way that

680
00:26:23,990 --> 00:26:22,240
acknowledges the repetition you know

681
00:26:26,310 --> 00:26:24,000
sort of uh i'm still wrapping my head

682
00:26:27,669 --> 00:26:26,320
around this but can you tell me one more

683
00:26:30,870 --> 00:26:27,679
time about that

684
00:26:32,390 --> 00:26:30,880
about the shape of that thing so that's

685
00:26:36,950 --> 00:26:32,400
a good way to establish

686
00:26:43,990 --> 00:26:41,430
now what to avoid

687
00:26:44,710 --> 00:26:44,000
questions to avoid are simply put what

688
00:26:48,070 --> 00:26:44,720
happened

689
00:26:50,310 --> 00:26:48,080
for something more open

690
00:26:51,510 --> 00:26:50,320
or inviting can you walk me through this

691
00:26:53,990 --> 00:26:51,520
experience

692
00:26:54,710 --> 00:26:54,000
ask them for frames of reference never

693
00:26:56,950 --> 00:26:54,720
ever ask

694
00:26:58,070 --> 00:26:56,960
how do you feel or how did it feel this

695
00:27:01,350 --> 00:26:58,080
is a big blunder

696
00:27:05,110 --> 00:27:01,360
and you see it a lot on broadcast tv

697
00:27:08,549 --> 00:27:05,120
uh i mean think about it how do you feel

698
00:27:11,430 --> 00:27:08,559
uh well i was abducted by aliens and

699
00:27:14,310 --> 00:27:11,440
uh stolen right out of my bedroom uh i

700
00:27:17,830 --> 00:27:14,320
don't feel too great about that

701
00:27:20,870 --> 00:27:17,840
that's not much information to work with

702
00:27:22,710 --> 00:27:20,880
instead make it uh

703
00:27:25,110 --> 00:27:22,720
relatable so you don't shut the person

704
00:27:26,549 --> 00:27:25,120
down you know i say i know i can't

705
00:27:27,110 --> 00:27:26,559
precisely understand what you went

706
00:27:29,990 --> 00:27:27,120
through but

707
00:27:31,750 --> 00:27:30,000
can you explain what that felt like can

708
00:27:32,870 --> 00:27:31,760
you walk me through your thoughts and

709
00:27:35,269 --> 00:27:32,880
emotions

710
00:27:36,870 --> 00:27:35,279
what sensations or emotional responses

711
00:27:39,269 --> 00:27:36,880
did you experience

712
00:27:40,710 --> 00:27:39,279
don't ask yes or no questions it's not

713
00:27:42,470 --> 00:27:40,720
always a waste

714
00:27:44,549 --> 00:27:42,480
sometimes it is useful for direct

715
00:27:47,190 --> 00:27:44,559
responses but it also lacks color

716
00:27:48,470 --> 00:27:47,200
and details think about it if you ask a

717
00:27:52,470 --> 00:27:48,480
yes or no question

718
00:27:56,789 --> 00:27:52,480
you're gonna get a yes or no response

719
00:27:58,789 --> 00:27:56,799
did the ghost punch you in the face yes

720
00:27:59,830 --> 00:27:58,799
okay that doesn't leave us with a lot of

721
00:28:04,230 --> 00:27:59,840
room uh

722
00:28:08,230 --> 00:28:06,549
also avoid leading questions you want

723
00:28:10,630 --> 00:28:08,240
facts not overstatements

724
00:28:11,430 --> 00:28:10,640
people may give you what they think you

725
00:28:14,950 --> 00:28:11,440
want

726
00:28:17,830 --> 00:28:14,960
so vary between open-ended questions and

727
00:28:21,110 --> 00:28:17,840
sometimes close-ended questions

728
00:28:22,149 --> 00:28:21,120
instead of saying did it look like a

729
00:28:25,350 --> 00:28:22,159
cigar-shaped

730
00:28:29,190 --> 00:28:25,360
object perhaps you can say can you

731
00:28:31,669 --> 00:28:29,200
explain the shape of what you saw

732
00:28:33,269 --> 00:28:31,679
if you were to estimate its size what

733
00:28:35,669 --> 00:28:33,279
would it be

734
00:28:36,870 --> 00:28:35,679
additionally i say avoid self-fulfilling

735
00:28:39,110 --> 00:28:36,880
prophecies

736
00:28:40,149 --> 00:28:39,120
uh be well researched keep your other

737
00:28:43,590 --> 00:28:40,159
notes in mind

738
00:28:44,870 --> 00:28:43,600
but also stay open-minded um so that's a

739
00:28:46,710 --> 00:28:44,880
self-fulfilling prophecy

740
00:28:48,950 --> 00:28:46,720
don't leap to a conclusion don't ask

741
00:28:50,149 --> 00:28:48,960
questions that only reaffirm your own

742
00:28:53,669 --> 00:28:50,159
assumptions

743
00:28:55,830 --> 00:28:53,679
if you're looking for men in black and

744
00:28:58,230 --> 00:28:55,840
you're only leading questions down that

745
00:29:00,230 --> 00:28:58,240
path then you might miss i don't know

746
00:29:02,389 --> 00:29:00,240
the mothman

747
00:29:04,389 --> 00:29:02,399
also be aware of the word alleged it's a

748
00:29:07,110 --> 00:29:04,399
tricky one and it can imply

749
00:29:08,070 --> 00:29:07,120
to a person that they are lying so when

750
00:29:11,269 --> 00:29:08,080
interviewing

751
00:29:11,990 --> 00:29:11,279
don't make the mistakes uh of using

752
00:29:15,110 --> 00:29:12,000
statements that

753
00:29:17,669 --> 00:29:15,120
question your good faith in them

754
00:29:18,230 --> 00:29:17,679
uh and also i like this tyrion lannister

755
00:29:19,990 --> 00:29:18,240
quote

756
00:29:21,510 --> 00:29:20,000
so i'm going to just throw that up there

757
00:29:22,630 --> 00:29:21,520
a wise man once said that you should

758
00:29:25,590 --> 00:29:22,640
never believe a thing

759
00:29:26,549 --> 00:29:25,600
simply because you want to believe it i

760
00:29:31,110 --> 00:29:26,559
find that to be

761
00:29:34,549 --> 00:29:32,789
and this is just an example of a

762
00:29:37,350 --> 00:29:34,559
foregone conclusion

763
00:29:39,190 --> 00:29:37,360
sometimes we go looking for demons and

764
00:29:40,310 --> 00:29:39,200
we might miss the ghost that's right

765
00:29:44,630 --> 00:29:40,320
behind us

766
00:29:48,149 --> 00:29:46,630
finally after the interview thank your

767
00:29:51,029 --> 00:29:48,159
subject uh

768
00:29:52,710 --> 00:29:51,039
ask them if there were any other express

769
00:29:54,389 --> 00:29:52,720
gratitude for their participation

770
00:29:56,070 --> 00:29:54,399
ask again if there were any other

771
00:29:57,269 --> 00:29:56,080
witnesses or people that you could be

772
00:30:00,470 --> 00:29:57,279
directed to

773
00:30:01,830 --> 00:30:00,480
open the door for further recollection

774
00:30:04,310 --> 00:30:01,840
and how do you do that give them a

775
00:30:05,190 --> 00:30:04,320
business card give them a way to contact

776
00:30:08,070 --> 00:30:05,200
you

777
00:30:09,990 --> 00:30:08,080
and yes notes notes right here

778
00:30:11,909 --> 00:30:10,000
immediately after this interview

779
00:30:14,310 --> 00:30:11,919
immediately document everything you

780
00:30:16,549 --> 00:30:14,320
recall based on observations cues

781
00:30:17,590 --> 00:30:16,559
notes and quotes that stood out listen

782
00:30:20,470 --> 00:30:17,600
to the audio

783
00:30:22,789 --> 00:30:20,480
or review the video as soon as you can

784
00:30:26,870 --> 00:30:22,799
afterwards as well

785
00:30:29,510 --> 00:30:26,880
so really these are just some basic

786
00:30:30,470 --> 00:30:29,520
opening tips for interviews it doesn't

787
00:30:32,950 --> 00:30:30,480
cover

788
00:30:34,830 --> 00:30:32,960
everything connected to the vast art of

789
00:30:37,430 --> 00:30:34,840
the interview

790
00:30:39,990 --> 00:30:37,440
instead just a

791
00:30:41,029 --> 00:30:40,000
beginner's guide but by utilizing

792
00:30:43,909 --> 00:30:41,039
research

793
00:30:45,269 --> 00:30:43,919
by having a curiosity and remaining

794
00:30:48,710 --> 00:30:45,279
open-minded

795
00:30:51,909 --> 00:30:48,720
by having preparation and persistence

796
00:30:54,710 --> 00:30:51,919
in maintaining empathy you

797
00:30:55,669 --> 00:30:54,720
will be in a good shape to collect a

798
00:30:58,789 --> 00:30:55,679
story

799
00:30:59,590 --> 00:30:58,799
and even collect some great research for

800
00:31:03,190 --> 00:30:59,600
whatever

801
00:31:05,990 --> 00:31:03,200
unexplained phenomena you are pursuing

802
00:31:06,549 --> 00:31:06,000
all right guys well i am aaron sagers

803
00:31:09,590 --> 00:31:06,559
and

804
00:31:10,870 --> 00:31:09,600
i would kindly say that if you want to

805
00:31:15,509 --> 00:31:10,880
reach out to me

806
00:31:18,789 --> 00:31:15,519
um you can find me at aaronsagers.com

807
00:31:19,590 --> 00:31:18,799
aaronsagers on twitter and instagram and

808
00:31:21,509 --> 00:31:19,600
also

809
00:31:23,029 --> 00:31:21,519
uh you can catch me on paranormal caught

810
00:31:25,590 --> 00:31:23,039
on camera on travel channel

811
00:31:26,389 --> 00:31:25,600
and i am also the co-host of the night

812
00:31:29,750 --> 00:31:26,399
america

813
00:31:30,549 --> 00:31:29,760
podcast so wherever you may be have a

814
00:31:33,990 --> 00:31:30,559
healthy